Signs and Symptoms
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1. Cataract Diagnosis Criteria
2. Symptoms of Cataract
3. Systemic and Ophthalmic Assessment
4. Essential Investigations for Cataract
5. Indications for Cataract Surgery
6. Pre-Operative Preparation
7. Surgical Options for Cataract
8. Post-Operative Care Guidelines
9. Quality Assessment Parameters
10. Cataract with Systemic Comorbidity
Diagnosis and Symptoms
1. Cataract Diagnosis Criteria
Vision less than or equal to 6/9, not improving with pinhole or glasses, accompanied by lens opacity, indicates cataract.
2. Symptoms of Cataract
Common symptoms include decreased vision, progressive change in glasses' power, glare, uniocular polyopia, and white pupillary reflex.
Examination Procedures
3. Systemic and Ophthalmic Assessment
Conduct a detailed medical history review and assess vision, refraction, IOP, slit lamp examination, and fundus.
4. Essential Investigations for Cataract
Perform blood pressure, blood sugar tests, and ophthalmic biometry for IOL power calculation.
Surgical Indications
5. Indications for Cataract Surgery
Surgery indicated if BCVA < 6/12 with visual handicaps, glare, or contrast loss, or if cataract impedes treatment.
Surgical Instructions
6. Pre-Operative Preparation
Prepare with topical antibiotics, confirm general health stability, and follow aseptic procedures in surgery.
7. Surgical Options for Cataract
Options include SICS with PMMA IOL, phacoemulsification with foldable IOL, or ECCE with PMMA IOL.
Post-Operative Care
8. Post-Operative Care Guidelines
Use topical antibiotics, steroids, follow-up visits, and provide glasses prescription 2-4 weeks after surgery.
9. Quality Assessment Parameters
Record patient identifiers, pre- and post-operative vision, and track surgical outcomes to evaluate success.
Comorbidity Considerations
10. Cataract with Systemic Comorbidity
Refer to specialists for systemic conditions like heart disease, diabetes, and thyroid disease for integrated care.
Signs and Symptoms